Khetha ku: Imikhiqizo ye-gearbox ye-Dual-clutch imanzi ibhokisi le-dual-clutch, igobolondo elisekelayo liqukethe igobolondo le-clutch ne-gearbox, amagobolondo amabili akhiqizwa indlela yokukhipha ingcindezi ephezulu, ekuthuthukisweni komkhiqizo nokukhiqizwa kuhlangabezane nenqubo yokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi enzima, izinga eliphelele eliphelele elingenalutho cishe ngo-60% 95% ekupheleni kwamazinga ajwayelekile wokukhuphuka, ukufinyeza le nkinga yekhwalithi yokunyuka.
I-Wet dual-clutch transmission, esebenzisa isethi yegiya le-cascade emisha, isistimu ye-electro-mechanical shift drive kanye ne-electro-hydraulic clutch actuator entsha.Igobolondo elingenalutho lenziwe nge-high pressure casting aluminium alloy, enezici zesisindo sokukhanya namandla aphezulu.Kukhona iphampu ye-hydraulic, uketshezi olugcobayo, ipayipi lokupholisa kanye nesistimu yokupholisa yangaphandle ku-gearbox, okubeka phambili izidingo eziphakeme ekusebenzeni okuphelele kokusebenza nokusebenza kokuvala kwegobolondo.Leli phepha lichaza ukuthi zingaxazululwa kanjani izinkinga zekhwalithi ezifana nokuguqulwa kwamagobolondo, imbobo yokuncipha komoya kanye nezinga lokuphasa elivuzayo elithinta kakhulu izinga lokuphasa.
1,Isixazululo senkinga ye-deformation
Umfanekiso 1 (a) ngezansi，U-gearbox wakhiwe nge-high-pressure cast cast aluminium alloy gearbox housing kanye ne-clutch housing.Izinto ezisetshenziswayo yi-ADC12, futhi ugqinsi lwalo oluyisisekelo lungaba ngu-3.5mm.Igobolondo le-gearbox liboniswa kuMfanekiso 1 (b).Usayizi oyisisekelo ngu-485mm (ubude) × 370mm (ububanzi) × 212mm (ubude), ivolumu ingu-2481.5mm3, indawo ehlongozwayo ingu-134903mm2, kanti isisindo senetha singaba ngu-6.7kg.Kuyingxenye yembobo ejulile enezindonga ezincane.Uma kucatshangelwa ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza nokucubungula isikhunta, ukwethembeka kokubumba umkhiqizo kanye nenqubo yokukhiqiza, isikhunta sihlelwa njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 1 (c), esakhiwe ngamaqembu amathathu ezilayidi, isikhunta esinyakazayo (ngasohlangothini lwembobo yangaphandle) kanye nesikhunta esilungisiwe (esiqondisweni somgodi ongaphakathi), kanye nezinga lokuncipha okushisayo eliklanyelwe ukuthi libe ngu-51%.
Empeleni, ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokuqala kwe-die casting, kwatholakala ukuthi usayizi wendawo yomkhiqizo okhiqizwa i-die casting wawuhluke kakhulu ezidingweni zokuklama (ezinye izikhundla zazingaphezu kuka-30% isaphulelo), kodwa usayizi wesikhunta wawufanelekile futhi izinga lokushwabana uma liqhathaniswa nosayizi wangempela nalo lalihambisana nomthetho wokuncipha.Ukuze kutholwe imbangela yenkinga, ukuskena kwe-3D kwegobolondo elibonakalayo kanye ne-3D yethiyori kwasetshenziswa ukuze kuqhathaniswe nokuhlaziya, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 1 (d).Kwatholakala ukuthi indawo yokubeka isisekelo sendawo engenalutho yayikhubazekile, futhi inani lokuguqulwa lalingu-2.39mm endaweni engu-B no-0.74mm endaweni C. Ngenxa yokuthi umkhiqizo usekelwe endaweni eyi-convex ye-blank A, B, C yebhentshimakhi yokubeka yokucubungula elandelayo kanye nebhentshimakhi yokulinganisa, lokhu kuguqulwa kuholela esilinganisweni, enye indawo ye-oda B, i-projection ye-A.
Ukuhlaziywa kwezimbangela zale nkinga:
①Isimiso somklamo we-high pressure casting die ngomunye wemikhiqizo ngemva kokudilizwa, ukunikeza isimo somkhiqizo kumodeli eguquguqukayo, edinga ukuthi umphumela kumodeli oguquguqukayo wamandla wephakheji mkhulu kunamandla asebenza esikhwameni sesikhunta esiqinile esiqinile, ngenxa yomgodi ojulile imikhiqizo ekhethekile ngesikhathi esifanayo, umgodi ojulile phakathi kwe-cores ekubunjweni okungashintshi nangaphandle kwendawo eyakhiwe phezu kwengxenye enyakazayo ukuze inqume lapho isikhunta sinquma khona;
②Kunamaslayida ohlangothini lwesobunxele, oluphansi nolwesokudla lwesikhunta, adlala indima eyisizayo ekubambeni ngaphambi kokudilizwa.Amandla amancane okusekela angaphezulu kuka-B, futhi ukuthambekela okuphelele kuwukugoqa emgodini ngesikhathi sokuncipha kokushisa.Izizathu ezimbili ezingenhla eziyinhloko ziholela ekuguquguqukeni okukhulu kakhulu ku-B, kulandele u-C.
Uhlelo lokuthuthukisa lokuxazulula le nkinga ukwengeza indlela yokukhipha ukufa okugxilile Umfanekiso 1 (e) endaweni engaguquki yokufa.Ku-B kukhuphuke i-plunger yesikhunta se-6, enezela i-plunger yokubunjwa emibili engaguquki ku-C, iphinikhodi engaguquki iwukuthembela ekumiseni kabusha isiqongo, lapho uhambisa indiza ye-mold clamping setha i-reset lever cindezela ibe isikhunta, isikhunta esizenzakalelayo sokufa siyanyamalala, ingemuva lepuleti entwasahlobo bese ucindezela phezulu phezulu, thatha isinyathelo sokuthuthukisa isikhunta esilungisiwe ukuze kuvele isikhunta esilungisiwe, ngakho-ke i-demoformation iphuma.
Ngemuva kokuguqulwa kwesikhunta, i-deformation deformation incishiswa ngempumelelo.Njengoba kuboniswe ku-FIG.1 (f), ukuguqulwa ku-B no-C kulawulwa ngempumelelo.Iphuzu B lingu-+0.22mm kanye nephoyinti C lingu-+0.12, elihlangabezana nemfuneko yekhonta engenalutho engu-0.7mm futhi kuzuzwe ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi.
2, Isixazululo sembobo yokuncipha kwegobolondo nokuvuza
Njengoba kwaziwa yibo bonke, ukukhishwa kwengcindezi ephezulu kuyindlela yokwenza lapho insimbi ewuketshezi igcwaliswa khona ngokushesha emgodini wesikhunta sensimbi ngokusebenzisa ingcindezi ethile futhi iqina ngokushesha ngaphansi kwengcindezi yokuthola ukukhishwa.Kodwa-ke, kuncike ezicini zokuklanywa komkhiqizo kanye nenqubo yokukhipha ukufa, kusenezindawo ezithile zamalunga ashisayo noma izimbobo eziyingozi kakhulu zokuncipha komoya emkhiqizweni, okubangelwa:
(1) Ukukhipha ingcindezi kusebenzisa ingcindezi ephezulu ukuze ucindezele insimbi ewuketshezi endaweni yokubumba ngesivinini esikhulu.Igesi elisegunjini lokucindezela noma isikhunta asikwazi ukukhishwa ngokuphelele.Lawa magesi ahilelekile ensimbi ewuketshezi futhi ekugcineni akhona ekubunjweni ngendlela yama-pores.
(2) Ukuncibilika kwegesi ku-aluminium ewuketshezi nengxube ye-aluminium eqinile kuhlukile.Enqubweni yokuqinisa, igesi iyancipha ngokungenakugwenywa.
(3) Insimbi ewuketshezi iqina ngokushesha emgodini, futhi esimweni lapho kungabikho ukuphakelwa okuphumelelayo, ezinye izingxenye zokuphonsa zizokhiqiza umgodi wokushwabana noma ukushwabana kwe-porosity.
Thatha imikhiqizo ye-DPT engene ngokulandelana kwesampula yamathuluzi kanye nesiteji sokukhiqiza inqwaba njengesibonelo (bona Umfanekiso 2) : Izinga lokukhubazeka lembobo yokuqala yokuncipha komoya yomkhiqizo libalwe, futhi eliphakeme kakhulu lalingu-12.17%, phakathi kwalo imbobo yokuncipha yomoya enkulu kuno-3.5mm ibalwa phakathi kuka-15.71 no-5. zilinganiselwa ku-42.93%.Lezi zimbobo zokuncipha komoya bezigxilwe kakhulu kwezinye izimbobo ezinentambo nasezindaweni zokuvala.Lezi zinkinga zizothinta amandla okuxhumeka kwe-bolt, ukuqina kwendawo kanye nezinye izidingo zokusebenza ze-scrap.
Ukuxazulula lezi zinkinga, izindlela eziyinhloko zimi kanje:
2.1UHLELO LOKUPHOLISA INDAWO
Ifanele izingxenye zesikhala esisodwa esijulile kanye nezingxenye eziyinhloko.Ingxenye eyakha yalezi zakhiwo inemigodi embalwa ejulile kuphela noma ingxenye ejulile yomgodi wokudonsa umgogodla, njll., futhi isikhunta esincane esongwe ngesamba esikhulu se-aluminium ewuketshezi, okulula ukubangela ukushisa ngokweqile kwesikhunta, okubangela ukukhunta okunamathelayo, ukuqhekeka okushisayo nokunye ukukhubazeka.Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuphoqa ukupholisa amanzi okupholisa endaweni yokudlula yesikhunta esijulile somgodi.Ingxenye engaphakathi yomgogodla enobubanzi obukhulu kuno-4mm ipholiswe ngamanzi angu-1.0-1.5mpa aphezulu, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi amanzi okupholisa ayabanda futhi ayashisa, futhi izicubu ezizungezile zomgogodla zingaqala ukuqinisa futhi zenze ungqimba oluminyene, ukuze kuncishiswe ukushwabana nokuthambekela kwe-porosity.
Njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 3, kuhlanganiswe nedatha yokuhlaziywa kwezibalo yokulingisa kanye nemikhiqizo yangempela, indawo yokugcina yokupholisa iphuzu yathuthukiswa, futhi indawo yokupholisa ephezulu yokucindezela njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 3 (d) yabekwa esibunjeni, esilawula ngokuphumelelayo izinga lokushisa lomkhiqizo endaweni ehlangene eshisayo, yaqaphela ukuqiniswa okulandelanayo kwemikhiqizo, yanciphisa ngempumelelo ukukhiqizwa kwemigodi, nokunciphisa izinga lokunciphisa.
2.2I-extrusion yendawo
Uma ubukhulu bodonga bomklamo wesakhiwo somkhiqizo bungalingani noma kukhona ama-node amakhulu ashisayo kwezinye izingxenye, izimbobo zokuncipha zivame ukubonakala engxenyeni yokugcina eqinile, njengoba kuboniswe ku-FIG.4 (C) ngezansi.Izimbobo zokuncipha kule mikhiqizo azikwazi ukuvinjelwa inqubo yokufaka ukufa kanye nokwandisa indlela yokupholisa.Ngalesi sikhathi, i-extrusion yendawo ingasetshenziswa ukuxazulula inkinga.Umdwebo wesakhiwo sokucindezela ingxenye njengoba kukhonjisiwe kumfanekiso wesi-4 (a), okungukuthi ofakwe ngokuqondile kusilinda sesikhunta, ngemva kokugcwalisa insimbi encibilikisiwe esikhunjeni futhi yaqina ngaphambili, hhayi ngokuphelele oketshezini oluqinile lwensimbi engxenyeni, ekugcineni ukuqiniswa kodonga oluwugqinsi ngokucindezela kwenduku ye-extrusion kuphoqelelwe ukuphakela ukunciphisa noma ukuqeda ikhwalithi yayo yokushwabana kutholwe amaphutha aphezulu, ukuze kutholakale amaphutha aphezulu.
2.3I-extrusion yesibili
Isigaba sesibili se-extrusion ukusetha isilinda sokushaya kabili.I-stroke yokuqala iqeda ukubumba ingxenye yembobo yokuqala yokusakazwa, futhi lapho i-aluminium ewuketshezi ezungeze umnyombo iqiniswa kancane kancane, isenzo sesibili sokukhipha siyaqalwa, futhi umphumela ophindwe kabili wokusakazwa kwangaphambili nokukhishwa ekugcineni uyabonakala.Thatha indlu ye-gearbox njengesibonelo, izinga elifanelekile lokuhlolwa kwegesi ye-gearbox yezindlu esigabeni sokuqala sephrojekthi lingaphansi kwama-70%.Ukusatshalaliswa kwezingxenye zokuvuza ikakhulukazi ukuphambana kwephaseji kawoyela 1# kanye nephaseji likawoyela 4# (umbuthano obomvu kuMfanekiso 5) njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngezansi.
2.4UHLELO LWE-RUNNER
Isistimu yokuphonsa yesikhunta se-metal die casting iwumzila ogcwalisa umgodi wemodeli ye-die casting ngoketshezi lwensimbi oluncibilikisiwe ekamelweni lokunyathelisa lomshini wokukhipha ukufa ngaphansi kwesimo sokushisa okuphezulu, ukucindezela okukhulu kanye nesivinini esikhulu.Kuhlanganisa umgijimi oqondile, umgijimi ophambanayo, umgijimi wangaphakathi kanye nesistimu yokukhipha umoya ochichimayo.Baqondiswa ohlelweni lwensimbi yokugcwalisa uketshezi, isimo sokugeleza, isivinini kanye nokucindezela kokudluliswa kwensimbi ye-liquid, umphumela we-exhaust kanye nesikhunta se-die udlala indima ebalulekile ezicini ezifana nesimo sokulinganisa okushisayo sokulawula nokulawula, ngakho-ke, uhlelo lwe-gating lunqunywa ukufa kwekhwalithi yendawo yokuphonsa kanye nento ebalulekile yesimo se-microstructure yangaphakathi.Ukwakhiwa nokuphothulwa kohlelo lokuthulula kumele kusekelwe ekuhlanganisweni kwethiyori nokwenza.
2.5Pi-rocessOukwenziwa ngcono
Inqubo ye-Die casting iyinqubo yokucubungula okushisayo ehlanganisa futhi isebenzise umshini wokuphonsa ifa, i-die casting die kanye nensimbi ewuketshezi ngokuya ngenqubo yenqubo ekhethwe ngaphambili kanye nemingcele yenqubo, futhi ithola ukukhishwa kwefa ngosizo lokushayela kwamandla.Kuthatha zonke izinhlobo zezinto ezicatshangelwayo, Njengokucindezela (okuhlanganisa amandla omjovo, ingcindezi ethize yomjovo, amandla okunweba, amandla okukhiya isikhunta), isivinini somjovo (kufaka phakathi isivinini se-punch, isivinini sangaphakathi sesango, njll.), Isivinini sokugcwalisa, njll.), amazinga okushisa ahlukahlukene (izinga lokushisa elincibilikayo lensimbi ewuketshezi, izinga lokushisa lokufa, izinga lokushisa lokubunjwa, njll. izinga, izinga lokushisa, i-gradient, njll.), izakhiwo zokuphonsa kanye nezakhiwo ezishisayo zensimbi ye-liquid, njll. Lokhu kudlala indima ehamba phambili ekucindezelweni kwe-die casting, isivinini sokugcwalisa, izici zokugcwalisa kanye nezakhiwo ezishisayo zesikhunta.
2.6Ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela ezintsha
Ukuze kuxazululwe inkinga yokuvuza kwezingxenye ezixekethile ngaphakathi kwezingxenye ezithile zegobolondo le-gearbox, isixazululo se-aluminium block ebandayo sasetshenziswa ukuphayona ngemuva kokuqinisekiswa yizinhlangothi zombili zokuhlinzeka nezidingo.Okusho ukuthi, ibhulokhi ye-aluminium ilayishwa ngaphakathi komkhiqizo ngaphambi kokugcwalisa, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 9. Ngemva kokugcwalisa nokuqinisa, lokhu kufakwa kuhlala ngaphakathi kwengxenye yebhizinisi ukuxazulula inkinga yokuncipha kwendawo kanye ne-porosity.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-08-2022